一、兔的剪毛與梳毛

　　1、 The shearing and grooming of rabbits

　　1、適時剪毛

　　1. Timely shearing

　　長毛兔長到1.5~2kg時(60d~90d)應(yīng)剪次毛，以后每隔3個月剪一次毛。實際上次剪毛之后，即90日齡200日齡時是長毛兔一生生長發(fā)育快的時期，加強了這階段的管理，對終生多產(chǎn)毛非常有利。實踐證明，兔毛經(jīng)3個月長到一定長度就不再繼續(xù)生長了，相反只會老化和脫落、結(jié)氈。為了獲得高產(chǎn)的兔毛，適時剪毛是非常重要的。

　　When the long haired rabbit grows to 1.5-2kg (60d-90d), its first coat should be cut, and then every 3 months thereafter. In fact, after the first shearing, from 90 days old to 200 days old, it is the fastest period of growth and development for long haired rabbits. Strengthening the management of this stage is very beneficial for producing high-quality hair throughout their lives. Practice has proven that after three months of growing to a certain length, rabbit hair no longer continues to grow, but instead ages, falls off, and forms felts. Timely shearing is very important for obtaining high-yield and high-quality rabbit hair.

　　2、按時梳毛

　　2. Comb hair on time

　　實踐證明，每10d給兔子梳一次毛，對兔的健康和長毛非常有利。通過梳毛，增加了空氣對皮膚的滲透性，使兔體感到舒適，還能將自然脫落的兔毛收集起來。每次剪毛之后，會使兔的食欲增加，體質(zhì)增強。

　　Practice has proven that combing rabbits' fur every 10 days is very beneficial for their health and hair growth. By combing the fur, the air permeability to the skin is increased, making the rabbit feel comfortable and collecting naturally shed rabbit hair. After each shearing, it increases the appetite and physical fitness of rabbits.

　　3、不及時剪毛和梳毛的后果

　　3. The consequences of not cutting and combing hair in a timely manner

　　兔毛就會成塊結(jié)氈而失去利用價值。更重要的是兔毛結(jié)氈后嚴重束縛兔的軀體，影響機體的正常生理功能，使兔體表空氣流通不暢，易患皮膚病，造成兔子精神不振、食欲下降、生長緩慢，由于結(jié)氈后不利于兔體散熱，夏季極易使兔中暑死亡。在長毛兔的飼養(yǎng)管理中，適時剪毛是關(guān)重要的工作。

　　Rabbit fur will become clumped and lose its usefulness. More importantly, after the rabbit hair is felted, it severely restricts the rabbit's body, affecting the normal physiological functions of the body, causing poor air circulation on the rabbit's surface, and making it prone to skin diseases, resulting in the rabbit's lack of energy, decreased appetite, and slow growth. Due to the unfavorable heat dissipation of the rabbit's body after felting, it is extremely easy for the rabbit to suffer from heatstroke and death in summer. Timely shearing is crucial in the breeding and management of long haired rabbits.

　　二、長毛兔需要藥浴

　　2、 Long haired rabbits need medicinal baths

　　夏季長毛兔剪毛之后要進行一次藥浴。藥浴不但可以減少皮膚病，特別是疥癬病的發(fā)生(而且可以使兔毛生長加速，產(chǎn)毛量提高，兔毛松散、潔白、光亮、不結(jié)氈、質(zhì)量提高。

　　After shearing in summer, long haired rabbits need to take a medicinal bath. Medicinal baths can not only reduce the occurrence of skin diseases, especially scabies, but also accelerate the growth of rabbit hair, increase hair production, make rabbit hair loose, white, shiny, non felting, and improve quality.

　　1、藥液的配制方法:

　　1. Preparation method of medicinal solution:

　　（1）5kg溫水，加入20g精制敵百蟲片(研末溶于水)，即成0.4%的敵百蟲溶液，再加入硫磺粉15克，溶解攪勻后使用。

　　(1) 5kg of warm water, add 20g of refined dichlorvos tablets (ground and dissolved in water) to form a 0.4% dichlorvos solution, then add 15g of sulfur powder, dissolve and stir well before use.

　?。?）中草藥可以用土槿皮、苦參各100g，加水2500g，煎后濾出藥液，而后再加入硫磺粉100g、溫水5kg攪勻后浴用。

　　(2) Chinese herbal medicine can be prepared by adding 100g of hibiscus bark and 100g of Sophora flavescens, 2500g of water, frying and filtering out the solution. Then, 100g of sulfur powder and 5kg of warm water can be added and stirred well before bathing.

　　2、藥浴方法

　　2. Medicine bath method

　　無論使用哪種配方藥浴，都應(yīng)在剪毛后7~10d進行一次，藥浴前要讓兔子吃飽、喝好。藥浴時一手抓住兔耳，將兔放入水溫約40℃的藥液中。頭部向上，用手在兔體上揉搓，洗浴全身后再洗頭部和耳朵。

　　Regardless of the formula used, the medicinal bath should be taken 7-10 days after shearing, and the rabbit should be fed and drunk before the bath. During the medicinal bath, grab the rabbit's ear with one hand and place the rabbit in a medicinal solution with a water temperature of about 40 ℃. Head up, rub the rabbit's body with your hands, bathe the whole body, and then wash your hair and ears.

　　3、注意事項

　　3. Precautions

　?。?）洗頭部時注意不要讓兔子嗆水，以免引起中毒。

　　(1) When washing hair, be careful not to let the rabbit choke on water to avoid poisoning.

　?。?）洗浴時先洗健康兔，已患皮膚病或疥癬的兔單獨藥浴，洗浴后要用柔軟的毛巾或布將兔體擦干。春秋兩季用此方法藥浴時應(yīng)在溫暖的環(huán)境下進行，以免引起感冒。

　　(2) When bathing, first wash healthy rabbits, and for rabbits with skin diseases or scabies, last take a separate medicinal bath. After bathing, use a soft towel or cloth to dry the rabbit's body. During spring and autumn, this method of medicinal bathing should be carried out in a warm environment to avoid catching a cold.

　　結(jié)束語：長毛兔由于其生理的特性，需要剪毛、梳毛、藥浴，而對于家兔來說，就不需要這么做了，看起來長毛兔比家兔的管理繁瑣，但實際并非如此，各有利弊。

　　Conclusion: Due to their physiological characteristics, long haired rabbits require shearing, combing, and medicinal baths, while for domestic rabbits, this is not necessary. It may seem that the management of long haired rabbits is more complicated than that of domestic rabbits, but in reality, this is not the case, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages.

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